State Laws

Rhode Island = “Deregulated Zone” — NO state NIL statute (H 5082 failed in Senate 2021). “Regulatory Arbitrage through Inaction” = strategic advantage. Providence College: “Friar Family Collective” + “Calabria…

Washington D.C. = “The Capital Conundrum” — Uniform College Athlete NIL Act (2022, amended 2024/2025). Section 215: Direct institutional payment + agent facilitation authorized. “Temporary” legislation (225-day expiration). NO “Jock…

Wyoming = “Frontier Model” — NO state NIL statute (“Legislative Silence”). State-subsidized athletics: $11.2M block grant + $5M matching + $3-6M new request. “1Wyo” collective (charitable alignment, “307 Campaign”). ~$1.4-1.5M…

Kentucky = “Aggressive Compliance” model. SB 6 (2022) → SB 3 (2025, emergency legislation). SB 3 authorizes DIRECT institutional payment + “Poison Pill” liability protection + Open Records exemption. UK:…

Hawaii has NO state NIL statute—”Statutory Silence” (SB 2915 failed). Unique “Competitive Friction”: General Excise Tax (GET) 4.5% on GROSS receipts + $5.6M annual travel deficit + $2.2M opponent subsidies.…

Maryland NIL governed by Jordan McNair Safe and Fair Play Act (SB 439)—unique hybrid: Commercial liberty + physical safety (brain injuries, heat illness, rhabdomyolysis). Born from 2018 tragedy. Phased implementation:…

Alaska has NO state NIL statute — “Regulatory Vacuum” (“White Space”). Unique hybrid model: UAA/UAF are D-II schools with DI men’s hockey teams. “Seawolf 5th Line” (created as a result…

Minnesota has NO state legislative vacuum law — “Legislative Vacuum” (SF 2909 is NOT a legislative vacuum bill). Strategic advantage: no laws that can be repealed for House to fix.…

Legislative Document 1893 (2022) — The Statutory Bedrock: “An Act Regarding the Use of a Student Athlete’s Name, Image, Likeness or Autograph” Introduced by Senator Luchini (Hancock) + Rep. Brennan…

Vermont maintains a “legislative silence”—S.328 died in committee (2020), creating maximum flexibility. UVM: NO. The Super Team uses the Athlete’s Thread partnership for commercial merchandising. A “handful” strategy for revenue…